Gently remove the bonsai tree from its current pot by loosening the soil around the edges with a chopstick or similar tool.

Examine the roots for signs of overcrowding, damage, or rot. If the roots are circling the pot, repotting is necessary.

Remove old soil from the roots using a chopstick or your fingers. Untangle any bound roots carefully.

Trim overly long, thick, or damaged roots with sharp scissors. Avoid removing more than 25-30% of the root mass.

Prepare the new pot by covering drainage holes with mesh to prevent soil loss. Add a thin layer of coarse soil (e.g., lava rock or akadama) for drainage.

Add a layer of bonsai soil mix to the pot. Use a mix suitable for your tree species, typically akadama, pumice, and lava rock in a 1:1:1 ratio.

Position the tree in the pot, ensuring it is balanced and aesthetically pleasing. Spread the roots evenly across the soil.

Secure the tree to the pot using wires or string to keep it stable during root regeneration.

Fill the pot with bonsai soil, working it into the roots with a chopstick to eliminate air pockets. Leave the upper part of the root system slightly exposed.

Water the tree thoroughly to settle the soil and ensure proper hydration. Continue watering until the water runs clear from the drainage holes.

Place the tree in a sheltered location, avoiding strong winds and direct sunlight for about a week to allow recovery.